Creative Science and EngineeringⅠ FeaturesⅡ History and ProfileⅢ RequirementsFundamental Science and EngineeringAdvanced Science and EngineeringCONTENTS◆ Particle and Applied Radiation PhysicsIn this research area, we conduct various experiments related to elementary particles using accelerators, high-energy astrophysics using astronomical satellites, and research into the medical application of radiation measurement. Specifically, cutting-edge science using X-rays and gamma rays as probes will be promoted through broad collaboration across science, engineering, and medicine. In astrophysics, we use X-rays and gamma rays to study the evolution of super massive black holes, explosive phenomena such as supernovae and gamma-ray bursts, and we also carry out the world’s first MeV gamma-ray observation by installing an innovative image sensor developed by ourselves on a small satellite. By applying similar sensors to atmospheric observations, we will also work to elucidate the mechanism by which gamma rays are generated from thunderclouds. Furthermore, this research will apply technology for “viewing” the universe as a device for “diagnosing” the human body. Examples include the development of multicolor spectral CT that colors X-ray CT using ultra-high-speed pulse discrimination, the development of innovative imaging technology that visualizes the pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs. We will also challenge to realize on-line beam monitor during particle therapy.◆ AstrophysicsWe aim to understand both theoretically and experimentally various phenomena in the universe from the point of view of physics. The theoretical groups are studying relativistic and particle cosmology as well as high-energy astrophysics. More specifically, the research topics in cosmology include the creation and evolution of the universe, inflationary cosmology, cosmic microwave background, dark matter and structure formation, and dark energy. In high-energy astrophysics we are interested in supernova explosions, formations of black holes and neutron stars, and emissions of neutrinos and gravitational waves. We take both analytical and numerical approaches. More recently, various theories of gravity are also investigated from the astrophysical viewpoint and the dark energy problem is tackled in this context. Our observational groups study various aspects of astrophysics by using state-of-the-art facilities, including ground-based telescopes like Subaru and ALMA, as well as space-based telescopes like Euclid, JWST, eROSITA, and the ISS-based cosmic-ray detector CALET. We conduct research concerning observational cosmology, the large-scale structure of the Universe, cosmic re-ionization, galaxy formation and evolution, supermassive blackholes, interstellar physics, and planetary science. We also conduct observation of high-energy cosmic rays with CALET, analyzing the measured energy spectra for potential signatures of nearby astrophysical sources and dark matter, as well as studying models of cosmic ray acceleration and propagation. Furthermore, we work on proposals for large astronomical survey projects using next-generation facilities and conduct preparatory studies for future space-based telescopes. 112112
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