Fundamental Science and EngineeringCreative Science and EngineeringAdvanced Science and EngineeringⅠ FeaturesⅡ History and ProfileⅢ RequirementsCONTENTS◦ Fundamental research on low-dimensional materials based on solid state physics and crystallography. In particular, atomic-scale structure of their surfaces and interfaces, and their physical/electronic properties are elucidated.◦ Fundamental research on developing theoretical frameworks that integrate quantum condensed matter physics with quantum information science.◦ Fundamental research on various kinds of physical properties of solids using quantum theory. Studies particularly in relation focus on the effects of defects and dopants at the atomic levels in solids.◦ Research on physical chemistry of substances at high temperatures, particularly measurements of thermodynamic data, reaction diffusion phenomena, and behavior of mixed phase fluids.◆ Electronics DivisionThis division conducts research on improvement of elemental performance, manifestation of new functions, as well as the application of these functions in different fields based on the operating principles of electronic elements and their manufacturing process. Performance of electronic elements is achieved by reducing the dimensions of elements that constitute the foundation of a sophisticated information society. Electronic elements are shrinking to nanoscale in present times, which has given rise to demands for using technologies in different fields such as chemistry, biology, environment, machinery, and the like, not only by further improvement of performance by miniaturization but also by using physical phenomena that become more prominent under conditions of nanoscale dimensions, as well as by developing new processes that can also integrate carbon and soft materials. More specifically, research guidance is provided in the field of molecular nano-engineering, crystal engineering of green semiconductors, bio-microsystems, and nano-materials informatics.◆Photonics DivisionResearch conducted here contributes to applications that enhance a sophisticated information society by creating new optical functions. The principles of light emission are studied using semiconductor lasers or light emitting diodes or by observing the interaction of light with media such as optical pulse-driven ultrafast phenomena, photodetection waves and light modulations. In addition, optical waveguiding as optical fiber communication or optical space communication, together with transmission through optical space or optical transmission systems, and optical applications, such as optical sensors, optical measurements, and optical disks to cover photonics, are understood from perspectives that range from wave motions to photons. Such efforts combine nanophotonics technology, optical material technology, optical device technology, optical circuit 55
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